Poster: Be My Multiple, I`ll be Your Factor | Mathematics for Class 5: NCERT PDF Download

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The highest common factor of two or more
numbers can be found  in many different ways.
The HCF is useful for simplifying and
comparing fractions, and solving and
simplifying equations.
listing the
factors
Factor Trees ladder method
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
12
2 6
2 3
2 9
3 3
12 18
2
3
List the Multiples
Venn Diagram
12, 24, 36, 48
18, 36, 54
12
18
18
12
18
Highest Common
Factor
least common
multiple
12 & 18
When the factors
of the two numbers
are listed, it's easy
to see that 6 is the
greatest common
factor.
By finding the
prime factorization
of each number, we
can compare
common prime
factors to find the
GCF.
HCF = 2 • 3 = 6
The numbers can be
divided by their
common prime
factors at the
same time to more
efficiently find the
GCF.
6 9
2 3
HCF = 2 • 3 = 6
The least common multiple is the smallest
multiple that two or more numbers share. It is
useful for finding common denominators,
comparing fractions, or sorting items into
groups. It can be found in different ways.
12 & 18
List the multiples of each
number until a common
multiple is found. This is not
always a very efficient method
for finding LCM.
LCM = 36
12 18
2
3
2
3
LCM = 2 • 2 • 3 • 3 = 36 
Sort the prime factors of each
number in a Venn Diagram.